Preliminary efficacy studies in mice using the thigh infection model demonstrated the OAK's ability to significantly affect bacterial viability upon single-dose systemic treatment (2 mg/kg).
However, an interesting finding was that upon single-dose exposure to carbapenem, the efflux pump system played a major role in bacterial survival compared with NDM-1.
Cultures of CM do not demonstrate cell death, nor a loss of function upon a single dose of 10,000 rad (~100 Gy) [ 10, 11].
To investigate how the prodrug is metabolized and distributed in mice, we measured plasma concentrations of the prodrug and its metabolites over a course of 7 days upon a single dose by either i.p. injection or oral gavage.
Furthermore, although in rats formal pharmacokinetic data on paricalcitol are lacking, studies on PTH suppression upon a single dose of the calcitriol analogue 22-oxacalcitriol, with a similarly short half-life to that of paricalcitol, revealed that after 96 h there was no residual action of the analogue on serum PTH but full depletion of serum calcitriol levels [ 21].
Moreover, protection was induced upon both multiple as well as single dose of immunizations.
Linear-quadratic model was fitted to single dose survival data.
The other two were cross over studies of single dose treatments, with efficacy measured 90 min post dose.
Upon repeated or even single dose treatment of cultured tumor cells or tumors in vivo with anti-tumor agents such as paclitaxel and doxorubicin, increased ABCB1 copy number has been demonstrated, resulting from chromosomal amplification events at 7q11.2-21 leadingleading to marked P-glycoprotein overexpression, and multidrug resistance (MDR).
The Bak−/− background rescued Mcl-1-deficient cell survival for 5 days upon addition of a single dose of IL-7 at the beginning of culture.
Upon exposure to a single dose of IL-1β, GREM1 mRNA levels decreased at 6 hours followed by a steady increase in mRNA expression, which became significantly higher than untreated samples after 72 hours.
