When considering the staffing hours that are saved by using an automated liquid handler, the upfront resource requirements (instrument acquisition and training) can be properly accounted for.
Although such a process would be associated with additional upfront resource investment, this appropriation may be modest in comparison with the downstream costs associated with maintenance of poorly performing sites, failed clinical trials, and the global health and economic burden of HHF.
But this kind of work needs upfront resources to make sure the skills and systems are in place to develop it.
Finding another place is a challenge for her and her fiance, Carlos, because they don't have the upfront resources to pay first month's rent, last month's rent and a security deposit.
This undermines any incentive to invest upfront resources to establish ingredients as safe and efficacious prior to reaching consumers.
These features include pay-as-you-go access to computing resources avoiding upfront investments and underutilizing private resources [ 1, 21, 25, 30, 31, 53, 62, 65].
The personal budget – in particular, the transparent, upfront allocation of resources rather than the cash transfer – embodies a fundamental shift of power from the professional to the individual.
Which makes more sense — investing resources upfront in attracting the brightest young people to teaching, or penalizing teachers who fail further down the road, as No Child Left Behind attempts to do?
That will require the world to invest the proper resources upfront to build more effectively-tailored programs that can reach the most marginalized populations.
28 Substantial upfront allocations of resources to build inter-sectoral links and facilitate research and development were justified via a discourse of investment, payback and economies of scale, but potential conflicts of interest between these stakeholders went largely unexamined.
"We invest so much upfront in time and resources only to learn that with some dot-coms the long term means two months after the I.P.O.," said Eric Webber, communications director at GSD&M in Austin, Tex., an Omnicom agency that works for clients like Agillion.com, Hoover's Online and Supportkids.com.
