In everyday experience, greater-than-ambient pressures are encountered in, for example, pressure cookers (about 1.5 atm), pneumatic automobile and truck tires (usually 2 to 3 atm), and steam systems (up to 20 atm).
Stretch-free laminar burning velocities were subsequently determined for methane/air flames up to 20 atm and methane/oxygen/helium flames up to 60 atm.
Computational simulation using GRI-MECH 3.0 showed satisfactory agreement with the experimental data up to 20 atm, and moderate deviation for pressure above 40 atm.
The kinetics of the heterogeneous oxidation of zinc vapor by water vapor were measured in a tube flow reactor for temperatures from 800 to 1100 K, zinc vapor partial pressures up to 0.39 atm, and water vapor partial pressures up to 1.0 atm.
The numerical results of extinction strain rate for undiluted hydrogen oxygen flames are found to be qualitatively different from those for hydrogen air flames in that extinction strain rate for undiluted hydrogen oxygen flames increases linearly with pressure up to 100 atm whereas extinction strain rate for hydrogen air flames saturates around 50 atm.
The fluoride salt occupation of IG-110 was 13.5 wt% under 1.5 atm, whereas the salt gain in NPIG remained steady even up to 10 atm with an increase of <0.06 wt%, demonstrating that the graphite could inhibit the liquid fluoride salt infiltration effectively.
While the volume occupations of UGG-2 under 1.5 atm was only 0.17%, and continued to be steady even up to 5 atm with the increase of 0.45%, less than the critical index proposed for MSR of 0.5%.
HA-HSPC complexes provide very efficient lubrication, with friction coefficients as low as μ ∼ 0.001 at physiological pressures P ≈ 150 atm, while HA-DMPC and HA-POPC complexes are efficient only at low P (up to 10 20 atm).
The modeling range covers ignition experiments from 950 to 2700 K and from subatmospheric pressures up to 87 atm; hydrogen oxidation in a flow reactor at temperatures around 900 K from 0.3 up to 15.7 atm; flame burning velocities in hydrogen oxygen inert mixtures from 0.35 up to 4 atm; and hydrogen flame structure at 1 and 10 atm.
The pressure of the solution went up to 2 3 atm.
Measurements were conducted at atmospheric and elevated pressures up to 20 atm.
