Exact(1)
Furthermore, if energetic demands increase above available energy then the current life history stage is disrupted and the emergency life history stage is triggered to allow the individual to cope until the perturbation passes, or the animal moves to a more favorable environment (e.g. Wingfield, 2003, Wingfield et al., 1998).
Similar(58)
Finally, the maximal muscle activity obtained during the perturbation phase (from perturbation onset until perturbation was stopped) was identified as the peak-activation [EMG peak].
Depending on the direction of the perturbation, transient time may either denote the time until extinction (or until the population has decreased to a lower equilibrium level), or the recovery time needed to reach a higher equilibrium level.
Keeping the initial conditions fixed, we move the perturbation parameter ((alpha_{1}, alpha _{2})) until they across the pitchfork bifurcation curve S to another side, then the origin becomes unstable.
If perturbed, that system will tend to oppose the perturbation, and if left alone, it will tend to return to its original state.
The mechanism for this perfect adaptation is that after the perturbation the concentration of the enzyme will vary until it makes the time dependences equal zero by itself, forgoing the more usual process in metabolic regulation that changes in the controlled variable arrange for the steady state to be re-attained in the presence of the sustained perturbation.
The average restoring force and position displacement measured at the subjects' hand during a 50 ms interval in the final half of the hold period of the perturbation was used to estimate endpoint stiffness (from 140ms until 190ms after the perturbation onset).
However, until now, no method can calculate the marginal cost on all the links after the perturbation of unit vehicle.
If fewer badgers than the minimum target are killed, it can increase bovine TB infections due to the perturbation effect of making badgers move around more than usual.
Within the trial, badgers culled in areas previously subjected to recent culling were more likely to be infected, presumably due to the perturbation.
Step 1. Splitting the perturbation.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com