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The code was used to estimate the total radial load (steady and unsteady components) on the impellers as a function of flow rate.
In particular, Reynolds number and surface roughness effects on the mean pressure distribution and on its unsteady components have been analysed.
The double linearization theory deals with both steady and unsteady components of disturbances on the basis of a linearized approximation on the assumption that the cascade is lightly loaded and vibrating with an infinitesimal displacement amplitude.
The second paper deals with the effect of infrastructure scenario (flat ground, embankment, double and single viaduct), of position (vehicle placed upwind or downwind) and of vehicle geometry/type (high-sided lorry with and without a trailed unit, tractor-semitrailer combination and tank truck) on the aerodynamic forces and moments, including both steady and unsteady components.
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In contrast, the unsteady component is difficult to estimate since it is affected by the transient properties of the flow.
It was observed that the unsteady component can represent about a 40%70%% of the average magnitude when operating at off-design conditions.
With increasing wind gust strength, the unsteady component of the overturning moment becomes predominantly influenced by the wind gusting, while vortex shedding effects become less exhibited.
The effect of an unsteady component on the shear stresses is also studied; it is found that, in some cases, the unsteady flow generates stresses up to fourfold higher than those of simple steady shear in the shear thickening region.
This paper investigates the influence that different unsteady aerodynamic components have on a vehicle's handling.
The effect of the frequency of unsteady wind components on the frequency of the QP modulation response is analyzed.
A Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes 2-D solver, developed at ONERA, is used to provide the unsteady force components on blades and vanes required for acoustics.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com