A hypothesis that has an unspecified parameter value is in effect equivalent to a disjunction of more specific hypotheses, where each disjunct consists of a more precise version of the original hypothesis, a version in which the value for the parameter has been "filled in".
Thus, wherever the workings of the logic of evidential support is made more perspicuous by treating evidence as composed of result-independent chunks, one may treat hypotheses whose unspecified parameter values interfere with result-independence as disjunctively composite hypotheses, and apply the evidential logic to these more specific disjuncts, and thereby regain result-independence. 20.
Simulation parameters are summarized in Table 1, and other unspecified parameters will be specified at each simulation scenario.
First, a superior system identification algorithm is devised to estimate the unspecified parameters in a differential model of hysteresis from experimental load displacement traces.
Values of unspecified parameters are set to al3 = 0.5 (km), au3 = 5.5 (km), T = 30 s, and those listed in Table 1.
The actual cooling and warming rates achieved using the Nakagata protocol have not previously been determined; and the Nakagata protocol has a number of unspecified parameters which we have found can significantly affect cooling rates, warming rates and sperm survival.
The study presented in this paper is a step toward understanding how to use intrusion tolerance techniques to provide tolerance to uncertainty of assumptions, as a way to improve the design of dependable systems that better withstand a variety of adversarial environments with some hidden and unspecified parameters.
We also fitted unspecified parameters by minimizing an APC Cdc20 concentration dependent objective functional (Text S1, C), taking into account the range of parameter values from experiments [15], [27], [40], [55], [73].
The larger the chi-square relative to the degrees of freedom (a measure of the number of unspecified parameters), the poorer the model fit.
When constructing prediction models, there are unspecified parameters on the number and/or type of biomarkers needed and there is no set guide as to how many or in what order questions with binary outcomes should be posed (in terms of construction of decision trees).
We explored the use of SS [Meinshausen and Bühlmann, 2010] in this context but find it no better than, and usually inferior to, LLARRMA, despite the fact that our evaluation of SS is based on an optimal calibration of its (unspecified) penalization parameter.
