Stereology is particularly useful when the shape of an object is bizarre and unpredictable such as for the measurement of hepatic iron stores [15].
The indication of stochastic variables for wind, PV, facilities configuration and demand identification can be seen as uncertain factors according to the forecast deviations, the measurement errors, the unpredictable system contingencies or the electricity market price volatilities.
Challenges encountered in the pilot schemes include the risk of over-allocation of emissions permits, unpredictable underlying growth trends, robust measurement and verification procedures, and the interaction with regulation in the energy sector.
Concomitant interventions, such as mechanical ventilation and positive end-expiratory pressure, can influence pressure measurements in an unpredictable way [ 8].
This is because these methods generally use heterozygosity to determine copy number, and high rates of ADO and preferential amplification in single-cell measurements result in unpredictable heterozygosity, regardless of chromosome copy number (Supplementary Material, Table SI and Fig. S1).
Smoking behaviour, being dynamic, may change in an unpredictable manner, and reliance on one measurement time point may obscure true effects on disease risk.
The difference between optimal and adaptive control is that the latter must be implemented under conditions of a continuously changing and unpredictable environment; it therefore requires sensor measurements of the environment to implement the control strategy.
The use of other functional measurements, such as CO2 uptake rates or O2 evolution, may provide indicators that more reliably assess potential high-temperature tolerance, although these measurements can also lead to unpredictable results regarding whole-plant physiology.
Such measurement error in exposure could have unpredictable impacts on our estimate of the effect of air pollutant exposures on birth weight.
While systematic errors are introduced by an inaccuracy inherent in the system such as imperfect performance (or calibration) of measurement gauges, random errors are caused by unpredictable fluctuations in the reading of gauges.
