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But I tested these apps with Kukio, my black cat of unknown pedigree who generally prefers live toys (like my wife's undersize dog) to inanimate ones.
Association studies of disease susceptibility in free-ranging populations, however, face considerable challenges including: the need for large sample sizes when disease is rare, animals of unknown pedigree create a risk of spurious results due to population admixture, and the inability to control disease exposure or dose.
Inside the svelte body is a quad-core CPU of unknown pedigree or clock speed running Android 4.0.
No matter, whatever it is, the specs are mighty fine with a Freescale ARM Cortex A8 CPU running at 800MHz, front facing camera, 2 USB ports, an SD card reader, 3450mAh Li-ion battery, and a 7-inch 800×480 touchscreen of unknown pedigree.
The index case was of unknown pedigree therefore it has not been possible to confirm the relationship between affected dogs.
In contrast to human association analysis where, in general, either small well characterised families, or unrelated individuals are used, the design of genome wide scans in livestock, based on field samples with unknown pedigree information, poses a series of different challenges.
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The ROADTRIPS method can be used across a variety of study designs, ranging from studies that have a combination of unrelated individuals and small pedigrees to studies of isolated founder populations with partially known or completely unknown pedigrees.
The only exception to the bloodline requirements is in the case of Appaloosa-colored geldings or spayed mares with unknown pedigrees; owners may apply for "hardship registration" for these non-breeding horses.
There are few pure breeds left within the university systems, and many of those available from hobbyists have unknown disease status, as well as unknown pedigrees.
One case of abdominal cancer of unknown origin (II:13) was reported in the paternal pedigree.
ROADTRIPS uses a covariance matrix estimated from genome-screen data to correct for unknown population and pedigree structure while maintaining high power by taking advantage of known pedigree information when it is available.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com