The weak competitiveness of the Korean universities in the fields of science and technology was due to the lack of a competitive environment among faculty members.
The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH Zurich) is one of the world's leading universities in the fields of technology and natural science and the largest technical university in Switzerland.
Firms interacting with universities in the field of R&D for innovation have many benefits.
This demands an urgent active involvement of universities in the field of entrepreneurship that is shaped in the form of Research and Development as well as offering entrepreneurship academic programs.
We also make and maintain contacts with scientists and universities in the field of environmental sciences in order to highlight scientific career opportunities.
Our analysis is based on the findings of the project 'Academic-industry partnerships in Russia', launched in 2012, and continued in 2014, when the focus was shifted towards the activities of the universities in the field of technology commercialization and the interaction with industry.
We consider orientation-related barriers those factors that create differences in the orientations of industry and universities in the field of knowledge transfer; besides these, there are those that are related to conflicts over IP (Samuelson 1999)—transaction-related barriers not discussed here.
This paper introduces an international collaboration of EU and Asia in education, training and research in the field of sustainable built environment, which attempts to develop a network of practical and intellectual knowledge and training exchange between Chinese and European Universities in the field of sustainable building design and construction.
Though there is a close relationship between the IC and certain universities in the field of contracted research and development, the two conclude that "agencies' perennial insularity from academe fosters poor understanding about educational opportunities to improve such professional skills as critical thinking and even subject matter expertise".
However, a quinquennial peer review of descriptive case studies and statements, and the funding incentives associated with it, are unlikely to elicit and sustain change in the long-term behaviour of universities in the field of clinical medicine.
