Sengupta finds that universal schooling, migration to cities, and economic liberalization have led to a "psychic shift": even the unprivileged, who previously often accepted their lot as a matter of caste-determined karma, believe that their destiny is in their own hands.
What is especially noteworthy is that while we find advantages for children of migrants in Moldova and Georgia, there is also evidence of a more universal benefit from migration for children in a wider global context.
The lack of comparative empirical work inhibits understanding of more universal effects of parental migration on children, including whether the trade-off for greater material security may be the emotional costs of growing up without one or both parents.
His mixed-media paintings and installations incorporate objects steeped in history — including tintypes of distant family members, African figurines, disassembled piano keys and Georgia red clay — and suggest stories of the black Atlantic diaspora and migrations more universal and spiritual.
Universal elementary education, large-scale migration from rural areas into cities, and greatly increased social mobility meant that the social structure changed from a rigidly hierarchical one to a relatively "horizontal" one.
No political speech defending national identities, expressing pride in national history or opposing the spread of migration and the universal danger to freedom posed by the relentless Islamisation of our continent will now escape the wrath of the thought-police.
Migration is a universal theme among animals and plays a critical role in the health and balance of ecological systems (Wilcove and Wikelski 2008) and in the diversification and evolution of species (McDowall 2009).
Indeed, photoperiod has been identified as a universal cue triggering (preparations for) migration in the majority of migratory species across all taxa [ 43], and even marginal changes of photoperiod can be sufficient to trigger preparation for migration in migrants wintering at low-latitudes [ 44].
Some who study Francis predict the apostolic exhortation will be a broad statement on universal problems affecting families, like poverty, migration, domestic violence, health care, youth unemployment and the neglect of children and the elderly.
In particular PI3K is required for motility in many cell types suggesting a more universal importance of this signalling pathway for migration.
