Sentence examples for unity magnitude from inspiring English sources

The conjectured upper bound that was introduced in Equation (25) was a special case when the noise variance is zero without restricting the signature to have unity magnitude.

where X c S ∗ u is a complex-valued number with unity magnitude since each S u is assumed to have the same magnitude.

The spectrum-sensing information is used to extract the information about the frequency bands preferred to be received, and NTF zeros are placed on these frequencies ( f NTF, 1 ( l ) and f NTF, 2 ( l ) in second-order case) with unity magnitude ( λ NTF, 1 ( l ) = 1 and λ NTF, 2 ( l ) = 1 in second-order case).

Since we have considered a flat fading channel, we suppose that the signal will experience a unity fading magnitude.

We find that at ∼300 kHz, the real part of the relative permeability begins to drop towards unity, while the magnitude of the imaginary part increases.

The non-dimensionalized influence parameter of the gradient theory is assigned best-fit values, which are of a unity order of magnitude, as expected.

Besides this, we show that the Stefan flow significantly modifies the hydrodynamic boundary layer around the particle at low values of the Reynolds number corresponding to unity order of magnitude.

In general, the pattern of association with retinol was similar to that observed with vitamin D, where CIs for individual ORs were wide and included unity, and the magnitude of the ORs for those with the highest intake was diminished relative to the ORs for low to moderate intake.

Over a wide range in both Eh and EAg2S, Berner observed (Eh-EAg2S) values falling within a ~0.05 V-wide band that was consistent with aS0 values within an order of magnitude of unity; most samples were characterized by aS0 < 1.

To facilitate the utilization of benchmark datasets comprising continuous dose-response data on antibody-mediated modulation of biological activity, such data typically can be normalized to yield quotients in the range of zero to unity that represent the magnitude of an observed antibody-mediated biological effect relative to its theoretical or empirically determined maximum magnitude [ 9, 10].

When considering contrasts drawn between 50 to < 250, 250 to < 500, and ≥ 500 ppm-years and < 1 ppm-year, the rate ratios were greater than unity and increased in magnitude with increasing cumulative exposure level, although the associated 95% CIs were relatively wide for each exposure category, reflecting the small numbers of leukemia cases observed within each category.