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3) Thermal units' constraints.
Its objective is to determine the on/off status of each unit and the economic dispatch of power demand in a scheduling period in order to minimize the total system production cost under generating units' constraints and power system's constraints.
The operational cost includes fuel and startup costs, also, incorporates system constraints like load balance, reserve and units constraints like up/down ramp rates, times, generation limits etc. Variable nature of wind resource complicates the scheduling of wind energy.
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For 1,000 doses/lot, 74 units/lot are required and therefore the maximum number of units constraint is still met (80).
However, the tool outputs also identified the demands where the base case non-porous microcarrier-based systems would also exceed the number of units constraint (i.e., 8 units) as illustrated by the gray area in Figure 2d.
In some cases, there may be scenarios where none of the candidate technologies are able to meet the maximum number of units constraint, and this is discussed in the Results and Discussion section.
However for a dose of 10 cells, 740 units would be required per lot leading not only to the violation of the maximum number of units constraint but also to a 232% increase in COGUSP/dose relative to the optimal strategy.
The battery-storage unit constraints include (23)–(23).
The simultaneous inclusion of physical unit constraints and transmission security constraints will assure a feasible solution.
The pumped-storage unit constraints include (16)–(22) as described in [12].
This requires a thorough understanding of the unit constraints and limitations, as well as the feed quality and yield objectives.
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