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A cylindrically symmetric negative-index grating lens composed of unitary material is proposed as an effective method to modulate the focusing of cylindrical vector beams (CVBs).
Since the present optimization deals with least construction costs (as objective function), and uses an explicit objective function (not empirical), the user must specify labor costs (unitary material costs, welding, cutting, etc.).
In the following period, the local population of the Carpathian Danubian area profited from the peaceful political climate and a unitary material culture, called "Dridu", that developed in the region.
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Binary composite of Pt decorated transition metal compounds (WO2, TiC, and VN) were introduced into dye-sensitized solar cells and excellent performance were obtained, almost 20% better than unitary materials.
He composed his score in what he calls "unitary bits of material", each attached to a theme, character or idea, and each alive to further development.
This tester furnishes the scratching hardness and the energy required to displace an unitary volume from material surface.
First, as a product for biomedical use, BMSS should be a unitary and reproducible material, and this can be assured by controlling the extent of chemical degradation during its isolation and processing.
The influence of the unitary costs of the insulation materials is represented in Fig. 3a c.
The normal unitary effort, in case of materials that behave structurally, can be expressed by introducing a complex elasticity module: E ′ = E · u + i · v, (16 where, E represents the elasticity module for steel.
As the economic unitary costs of the insulation materials are not so closely dependent on their performance, there is not a clear trend in the case of the economic optimization point of view.
Consequently, quantitative variation in the design and process parameters namely fermentor size, plant capacity, production yield using sugarcane and cellulosic materials as raw materials, trigger significant reduction in unitary cost of butanol up to 53%, 19%, and 31% respectively.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com