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In the end, until leaders can come together, and until alcohol abuse is made both an individual and a unit problem, my guess is we will continue to see our men and women in uniform struggle with this very difficult challenge in the post-war years to come.
modifiable temporal unit problem.
modifiable areal unit problem.
However, it almost inevitably leads to a statistical bias called "modifiable areal unit problem" (MAUP).
This is the well-known Modifiable Areal Unit Problem or MAUP.
We opted to normalize the data by total population to avoid the modifiable areal unit problem (Fotheringham et al. 1995).
The predicted incidence of IUGR across racially isolated zones and census tracts differed indicating a modifiable area unit problem (MAUP).
The well known modifiable areal unit problem shows that analytical conclusions may differ substantially according to how data are aggregated.
Fourth, the selection of the spatial unit of analysis inevitably comes with the issue of the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem [41].
In addition, certain cities (or communes, districts) at the administrative level did change their boundaries over time, creating a bias or Modifiable Area Unit Problem (MAUP).
This issue was labelled by Openshaw [20] as the Modifiable Area Unit Problem (MAUP), expressing that results of spatial analyses are influenced by the chosen zone size.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com