The resulting objective function of our MILP formulation is hence: (7) where p denotes penalty per unit of flux through a transport reaction.
In his opinion, the Canadian penalty-killing unit of Serge Savard, Peter Mahovlich, Bill White and Pat Stapleton was "brilliant" as it held the Soviets to one power play goal despite the disadvantage in penalty minutes.
In a settled enforcement action with the SEC, the MFS unit of Sun Life Financial agreed to a $50 million penalty for allegedly failing to inform mutual fund investors and board members about monetary arrangements with brokerage firms to feature MFS funds.
Using the BioNumerics v5.1 software, sequences were grouped via a pairwise clustering (pairwise alignment parameters: open gap penalty: 100%, unit gap penalty: 0%, min. match sequence: 2, max n° of gaps: 9, fast algorithm).
The obtained UPGMA tree was used to seed a multiple alignment (multiple alignment parameters: open gap penalty: 100%, unit gap penalty: 0%, min. match sequence: 2, max n° of gaps: 98).
As shown in (1), the total system cost contains four parts: the operational cost of thermal units, start-up and shutdown cost of the thermal units, the start-up cost of pumped-storage units, and the penalty cost of wind power curtailment.
Not the caprice of penalty kicks.
Grade of penalty mechanism.
indicates the number of updating penalty parameter, is the penalty parameter, and denotes the value of penalty term.
The alignment settings were open gap penalty 100%, unit gap penalty 0%, match score 100%, and fast algorithm (= minimum match sequence 2, maximum number of 98).
