Independence and uniqueness of DArT markers were evaluated by calculating the linkage index I k, l for each possible pair of markers k and l, according to the following formula: I k, l = 1 n ∑ | m k i − m l i | where n is the number of individuals, m ki the score (0/1) of individual i at marker k, and m li the score of individual i at marker l.
Moreover, the present work of isolation of novel acridone alkaloids from Z. zanthoxyloides emphasizes their uniqueness as taxonomic markers among the African species of this genus.
She concludes that the use of Ukrainian in the three categories of tourist discourse performs symbolic, informational, and 'for profit' functions, while the use of the L'viv dialect gvarais a marker of uniqueness and local pride.
For the purpose of anti-counterfeiting, it would, of course, be most interesting to have markers; the uniqueness of which can be detected on various identification levels, from bare eye over simple to advanced instrumentation.
We demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally (through in vitro experiments) that the ratio 620/634 can be used as a marker of non-uniqueness of the fitted [PpIX] with current methods.
Genotype-specific amplicons were then tested on segregating individuals in the O3 × R5 population and a diversity panel of apple rootstocks to verify genetic inheritance, linkage to other markers, and haplotype uniqueness.
In the present study, to decrease complexity and improve the accuracy of genotyping, we developed markers using read mapping uniqueness as a filtering criterion, too.
Given the uniqueness of this residue, it constitutes a strong marker for aryl sulfatase activity (Scheme 2).
However, IGF1R expression correlates with pluripotent stem cell markers and thereby underscores both the uniqueness and general importance of the IGF-2/IGF1R axis in hES cell lines [23].
The uniqueness and the value of microsatellites as molecular markers arise from their multiallelic nature, co dominant inheritance, relative abundance, extensive genome coverage and simple detection by PCR.
To the best of our knowledge this is the first time a molecule of this type has been reported in cancer sera and because of its uniqueness it deserves further investigation as a potential cancer marker.
