The authors shirked the usual convention of publishing in the most appropriate journal available by choosing not to publish in the ultra-specific Rangifer: Research, Management and Husbandry of Reindeer and Other Northern Ungulates.
Lions and cheetahs would control the populations of horses, asses and camels much as their sabre-toothed cousins once controlled similar ungulates.
These insects carry sleeping sickness, which is as much a bane of ungulates as it is of people.
These spry, wirey ungulates might not seem like the best candidates for domestication at first blush, but their ability to turn sparse vegetation into hides, meat, and milk likely made the effort worth the while to settlers of the Fertile Crescent, who first bred them as early as 11,000 years ago.
In the southern part of its range, however, the Canada lynx's diet is more diversified: it preys on carrion and possibly even young ungulates.
The glands, small in man, large in rodents, elephants, and some ungulates including pigs, camels, and horses, are absent in cetaceans, mustelids (e.g., mink, weasel), sirenians (manatees, dugongs), pholidotans (pangolins), some edentates, and carnivores such as walrus, sea lion, bear, and dog.
Occasional stagnant water pools provide browsing and water for several wild ungulates, such as the Tibetan gazelle and Tibetan goat antelope (chiru), along with large herds of wild asses (kiang) and clusters of wild yaks.
Rinderpest, an acute and usually fatal infectious disease of livestock, entered Africa with domestic stock in the 1890s and ravaged herds of indigenous ungulates.
In male ungulates, cats, elephants, bats, and some other mammals, access to the vomeronasal organ may be facilitated by curling the lips and exposing the upper teeth, with the nostrils closed.
A small proportion of this blood is further refined in a network of nerves at the base of the skull (in reality found only in ungulates) and the brain to make psychic pneuma, a subtle material that is the vehicle of sensation.
