Exact(7)
Compounds that also target the third undesired target were deprioritized (see Table 2).
c) A multi-target ligand can also show an activity against an undesired target.
Furthermore, establishing the same degree of modulation for each target (i.e. balancing the activities towards the targets) and "designing out" unwanted interactions to any undesired target (off-target) are critical factors to be addressed.
Clearly, the rational design of multi-target compounds is far from being an easy task, dealing with the crucial issues of selecting the right target combination, achieving a balanced activity towards them, and excluding activity at the undesired target(s), while at the same time retaining drug-like properties.
Given the degree of sequence mismatch this was an unexpected, yet significant observation since it represents partial silencing of an undesired "target".
Thus, one may fail to obtain samples in a reasonable time, rather than (as may happen with non-rigorous methods) produce samples from some unknown and undesired target.
Similar(53)
For the weights of the linear combinations we always chose a linear factor of 2 for the desired activity profile and −1 for the models of the undesired targets to prioritize the main target(s).
Both drugs are nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) isozyme inhibitors, i.e. with undesired targeting of COX-1 that leads to gastrointestinal adverse effects [ 45, 46].
Probe sequences (Additional file 1: Table S1) were refined in several iterations to maximize the Tm differential between desired and undesired targets.
Off-target activity of drugs often results in unwanted and generally harmful effects, and a better understanding of the target profile of drugs can help design agents that may avoid/minimize activities against undesired targets (Liebler and Guengerich, 2005; Campillos et al, 2008).
Another reason can be the imbalance between dual-target training instances and training instance for the respective undesired 3rd target, which does not seem to be a problem for the multi-target ranking method.
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