Sapienza says that although babies born through ART generally appear perfectly normal, they may have moderately increased risks for a number of the undesirable outcomes that low birth weight can perpetuate.
The number of births under astrologically undesirable conditions was also lower, indicating more evidence that parents choose dates and times to suit their beliefs.
Undesirable consequences of shorter inter-birth intervals include perinatal, infant and child mortality and maternal mortality, and have been attributed to Maternal depletion syndrome, a biological phenomenon that refers to an inadequate recuperation of the mother from one pregnancy that avails an inhospitable intrauterine environment to accommodate a subsequent pregnancy [ 13, 14].
Psychosocial factors are also considered risk factors for undesirable pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight, prematurity and intrauterine growth retardation [ 96, 97].
Given such temporal stability, it may be possible to understand how inter-individual epigenetic differences, observed at birth, predispose some individuals to undesirable outcomes later in life.
Magadi et al [5] posits that the failure to receive appropriate ANC during pregnancy can lead to undesirable pregnancy outcomes such as maternal morbidity, low birth weight for the baby or even maternal and perinatal mortality.
However, due to practical shortcomings such as transportation of the neonate, MRI can be undesirable or unfeasible during the first days after birth, especially in critically ill neonates.
An association between rapid repeat pregnancy (RRP; occurring within a birth interval of up to 24 months) and undesirable obstetric and perinatal outcomes has been shown, especially among adolescents and women without adequate schooling.
Owing to secular telephone trends (Ross et al, 2004), RDD was undesirable for phase 2. Instead, rosters of potential controls, randomly selected on anticipated birth year distribution, were requested from state birth registries.
Some cultures limit or discourage access to birth control because they consider it to be morally or politically undesirable.
