The findings demonstrate that universities' approach to knowledge transfer is shaped by institutional and organisational resources, in particular their ethos and research quality, rather than the capability to undertake knowledge transfer through a Technology Transfer Office (TTO).
With projections of growth in the industry and the existence of significant criticisms about the practice, it is an opportune time to undertake knowledge syntheses to assess what exactly is known about medical tourism so as to ultimately inform research, government, and industry agendas alike.
We argue that in a fully developed GIS model the sourcing of creative inputs does not come exclusively from a 'central' R&D laboratory, but other overseas R&D laboratories or technological affiliates can also undertake genuine knowledge creation activity from capitalising on the scientific heterogeneity fostered in individual host countries as well as distinctive demand conditions.
Contrary to prior studies which have examined complementarities and the determinants of knowledge transfer activities in separate models, this study relied on a multivariate path model to reflect the fact that in practice, academics consider simultaneously whether or not to undertake multiple knowledge transfer activities.
Quantitative radiographic assessments of BMD and gap area also were undertaken without knowledge of treatment group assignment.
One final point to consider concerns the PCO figures and our data showing that only half of trainees who undertake "the Knowledge" actually qualify.
In addition, all study participants will undertake a knowledge and attitudes questionnaire (Additional file 3), which will guide health education, and laboratory and anthropometric measurements will be recorded.
As more attempts at modulating transcription factor activity are undertaken, valuable knowledge will be accumulated on the modality of action required to modulate transcription and how these findings can be applied to developing transcription factor drugs.
The interpretation of relevance and the extrapolation of the results of the present study to human subjects must be undertaken with knowledge of its limitations that include: the subjects studied were not humans, and dose concordance between humans and monkeys is unknown.
