A positive atmosphere in the health facilities should be promoted by normalizing HIV-related services, and undertaking behaviour-change communication campaigns aimed at staff of the health facilities.
The value obtained by these young adults from their less healthy food, alcohol and physical activity behaviours was very much focused on obtaining short term gains, undertaking behaviours that were as easy as possible to follow, enjoyable to partake in, and which were also exhibited by their peers.
Participants were willing to act in environmentally friendly ways, and possible incentives to undertake behaviour change such as decreasing cost were described.
This is very different from the more traditional language of advice displayed elsewhere (e.g., from Practice Nurse 3: " You say 'you've got an awful lot of weight to lose' and I'm too hard [on them]") and demonstrates the range of skills required to undertake behaviour change interventions in Primary Care.
According to self-determination theory intrinsic motivation is a strong motivator to continue undertaking a behaviour.
Secondly, new mothers are often time-poor and this can be a major barrier to undertaking cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) [ 6].
A particular area of concern is the possibility of recipients 'gaming the system', whereby recipients deceitfully profess to be undertaking the behaviour to attain the reward [ 22].
Research from the U.S. indicates that physicians currently devote an average of 42 seconds per patient encounter when undertaking health behaviour counselling with patients [ 71].
The health agencies should attempt to provide better information about heatwaves to those vulnerable (elderly, those at risk living in London, low income earners) or identify any barriers that might be preventing them from undertaking protective behaviour.
Perceptions of personal susceptibility to, and perceived severity of the disease, belief in one's ability to undertake a preventive action (perceived self-efficacy), the potential benefits of, and perceived barriers to undertaking this behaviour, all influence an individual's decision to partake in a preventive action.
