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For this, let ( H h ) denote the sequence of parameters ( H 1, H 2, …, H h ), and let nonnegative integers define the Pochhammer symbols ( ( H h ) ) n = ( H 1 ) n ( H 2 ) n ⋯ ( H h ) n, where, when n = 0, the product is understood to reduce to unity.
Given that current corticosteroid therapies are well understood to reduce the frequency of COPD exacerbation [32], it is plausible that in light of our contrasting data in a viral versus bacterial model that systemic corticosteroids are preferentially effective in decreasing the inflammation associated with a given type of exacerbating insult, a hypothesis that would require further investigation.
The data also provide limited empirical insights into the manifestation of fatigue in tennis, notwithstanding that skeletal muscle function is understood to reduce following prolonged match-play.
A lack of clarity could in part be due to the complex nature of contexts; therefore, the role of context in intervention development needs to be well understood to reduce ambiguity [ 6].
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However, the DfE is understood to be looking to reduce the number of free schools going into temporary accommodation.
If the mechanisms responsible for these inequalities are better understood, interventions to reduce advanced stage diagnosis in middle-aged patients with lung, renal and bladder cancer may be feasible.
A weakening pound is understood to have greatly reduced the final bill for failure.
But to understand how to reduce recidivism, we must understand the complex disadvantage of people in the prison system.
Current research into the physiology of hypoglycemic counterregulation has helped us understand how to reduce risk of severe hypoglycemia, but much remains to be understood and exploited.
The government is understood to be examining proposals to reduce the amount from £50,000 to either £40,000 or £30,000.
The sooner we begin analysing and understanding the diversity of urban contexts, the sooner we will understand how to reduce this growing and relatively neglected share of poverty in a sustainable way.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com