Although the mechanisms, of drug resistance are still poorly understood, an increased rate of DNA adduct removal appears to be associated with drug resistance in various human cancers (Lai et al, 1988; Dinapoli et al, 1993; Johnson et al, 1994; Eastman and Schulte, 1998).
For this circuit the mechanism is well understood: an excessive increase of the repression strength (while potentially improving the noise reduction of the circuit) reduces the copy number of mRNAs and proteins with a consequent rise in intrinsic fluctuations (which can overcome attenuation).
An increase in x can be understood as an increase in excitability (or a decrease in firing threshold) and might be implemented in vivo by a change in ion channel density as suggested in [7].
In general, causation is to be understood as an increase in distinctness on the part of the causally active substance, and an increase in confusedness on the part of the passively effected substance.
The pathogenesis is not fully understood but an increase in free oxygen radicals seems to play a role in oxazaphosphorine induced cardiotoxicity.
Regarding soft tissue sarcoma, its aetiology is little understood although an increase in risk has been reported among workers exposed to phenoxy acid herbicides (Kogevinas et al, 1997), which has also been linked with NHL.
If it is understood that an increase in k0 d is due to a variation in frequency, the frequency dependence of ε b should be introduced which would quantitatively modify the curves in Fig. 2, but not their qualitative implication that a proper reconstruction of the constitutive parameters necessitates knowledge of the unwrapped phase.
The re-diploidization process which occurs after a genome duplication is not well understood, but an increase in the frequency of repetitive elements such as transposons [ 6] and a reduction in chromosome number through Robertsonian fusions, translocations, pericentric inversions and deletions are thought to be important mechanisms changing the genome architecture [ 3].
Sennett and Cobb had set out to understand why an "increase in material power and freedom of choice should be accompanied by a crisis in self respect".
Since there are no indications that younger migraine patients have a different migraine pathophysiology than adults, the 'positive' study [44] remains unexplained for it is difficult to understand how an increase in CGRP in EJV (blood flow 160 ml/min) could be picked up in the systemic circulation (minute volume 5,000 ml/min).
Next, we wanted to understand why an increase in levels of acetylated p53 only occurred in peroxide-treated cells cultured in high but not low glucose.
