Gene-targeted knockout technologies are invaluable tools for understanding the functions of genes in vivo.
Tremendous progress has been made in understanding the functions of the GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR-LIKE (GLR) family in Arabidopsis.
Understanding the functions of these proteins in recurrent AO would contribute to the development of therapeutics for the prevention or treatment of this disease.
Recent advances in optogenetics have established a precisely timed and cell-specific methodology for understanding the functions of brain circuits and the mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric disorders.
Understanding the functions of these S. aureus-derived anti-inflammatory agents could also provide the platform for designing new therapies in several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
The powerful enzymatic tools for the preparation of oligosaccharides are very promising for understanding the functions of carbohydrates, leading to promote human health and prevent diseases.
The fact that the debate has reached such an impasse or, in Leibold's terms, has become so "stale" suggests that a different approach to understanding the functions of egao is needed.
An understanding of how innovation based competition works is required, which means understanding the functions of innovation systems, the strategic fields of science, technology and innovation, how they are produced (key-actors) and how their markets develop.
This factor, which has not adequately been acknowledged by rangeland ecologists, is critical for understanding the functions of the indigenous knowledge of rangeland management and therefore as an indication of what we might achieve by harnessing pastoralists' indigenous knowledge.
Because changes in tree species composition can affect forest functions in these ways, characterizing species composition of existing forest communities is important for understanding the functions of those communities (Tierney et al. 2009; Thompson et al. 2013).
Hamilton O. Smith, an American molecular biologist and a geneticist worked on understanding the functions of restriction enzymes or "chemical knives" that cut the DNA molecules into smaller fragments.
