Waldron's example is C. Edwin Baker ("Harm, Liberty and Free Speech," Southern California Law Review, 1997), who writes: "A speaker's racial epithet … harms the hearer only through her understanding of the message … and [harm] occurs only to the extent that the hearer (mentally) responds one way rather than another, for example, as a victim rather than as a critic of the speaker".
It's fair to say that, by the end of the evening, I had only a vague understanding of the message of the documentary and the weekend remained largely unplanned.
However, there can be a considerable difference between the radiologist's understanding of the message in a radiology report, and the interpretation of that report by the referring clinician [30].
These direct discussions between scientists and the general public about the implications of research can, when done in the right way, lead to a better understanding of the message that scientists are trying to convey.
Based on Hitchon et al. (1994), the concrete message with detailed information is considered having enough concrete words and contexts for message recipients to avoid multiple interpretations and have a clear understanding of the message.
The drift toward a Christian-Muslim or a West-East struggle is in large part fueled by Islamophobia but can be reversed by Muslims taking back their religion, reformation in the Muslim World, non-Muslims enhancing their understanding of the message of Islam and shedding Islamophobic tendencies, and the great powers ending their support for autocratic Muslim rulers.
There are several methods for improving comprehension and scientifically intended understanding of the messages.
Focus groups were conducted to test public understanding of the messages the guidelines were trying to convey.
The first step in the analysis was to read the transcripts several times to get an overall understanding of the messages in the text.
The objectives of the pilot were to test understanding of the messages and tools and feasibility of delivering the intervention by VHWs.
In order to analyze the recall and understanding of the messages, the clients who had ever seen the IEC materials were further probed specifically on various aspects like appropriateness, appeal, relevance, clarity of these messages etc.
