Meanwhile, the caveat in using ProtIdent and how to understand the success expectancy rate of a statistical predictor are discussed.
Exclusion criteria are the inability to answer questions or to follow instructions, due to cognitive problems (Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score < 12 [ 33]), the inability to understand the Dutch language, or a life expectancy of less than three months.
Other exclusion criteria were the inability to understand the protocol, mental diseases, or a short-life expectancy (less than six months).
This may have helped patients to better understand the potential mechanisms of action and increased their expectancy, which may in turn have assisted with the quantity and quality of the training performed by the participants.
We further examined the PGLEs of several types of chronic diseases in order to understand the impact of the major chronic diseases on life expectancy.
With life expectancy increasing substantially it is becoming progressively more important to understand the neurophysiological underpinnings of age-related cognitive changes.
Further, we analyze the contribution of each age group toward increments in life expectancy to identify the recent dynamics of mortality change and thereby understand the possibility of advanced stages of epidemiological transition.
Thus, it is critical to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms in aging and explore the most efficient method to extend life expectancy.
It is important to understand the effects of placebo control on outcome measurement, especially for assessment of symptoms and functional impairments where subjectivity, expectancy, and motivation may significantly impact outcome evaluation.
Given that previous research also found that higher expectancy of acupuncture outcomes may impact response to acupuncture, future clinical trials should include validated expectancy measures to help understand how expectancy may explain the variability observed in different studies [ 35, 38- 41].
