While various cAMP-elevating agents such as the direct adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin or phosphodiesterase inhibitors can induce airway and bladder relaxation, many studies have questioned whether cAMP formation indeed underlies relaxation induced by β-adrenoceptor agonists.
The molecular mechanism underlying β relaxation for L-PE was found to be different from that for B-PE.
By analyzing two model systems that involve different chemistry, i.e. Cu-Zr and Au-Si systems, we identify the local icosahedral ordering as a fundamental process underlying structural relaxation.
These results are used to devise an algorithm that generates all non-dominated higher-order cover cuts, and, in particular, to formulate and solve suitable separation problems for deriving a higher-order cut that deletes a given fractional solution to an underlying continuous relaxation.
The molecular mechanisms, which underlie cardiomyocyte relaxation affected by extracellular Zn2+ exposure or intracellular Zn2+ accumulation, may be targets for the treatment of diastolic dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
This paper attempted to reveal the underlying mechanism of the relaxation of welding residual stresses (WRSs) under cyclic loading.
Our calculated higher-resolution viscoelastic relaxation model, underlying the partially ruptured elastic lithosphere, yields the localized postseismic subsidence above the hypocenter reported from the GPS-acoustic seafloor surveying.
Furthermore, increased COX-2 expression in aortic smooth muscle has been associated with the mechanism underlying enhanced PAR2-mediated relaxations in NOD mice (Roviezzo et al., 2005).
Deficient nitric oxide-soluble guanylate cyclase-cyclic guanosine monophosphate signaling results from endothelial dysfunction and may underlie impaired cardiac relaxation in patients with heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) and pulmonary hypertension (PH).
Note that the AIP pattern is expressed if oscillations underlying spiking are in a relaxation regime (the recovery variable time constant is large comparing to the membrane time constant); otherwise, instead of AIP, the AP pattern is present, as in a network consisting of reciprocally inhibitory integrate-and-fire cell models.
