As noted above, the underlying insertions mapped often in sense orientation to introns of expressed genes and therefore are targets for piRNA-mediated H3K9 trimethylation.
The driving force underlying the insertion of these potentially harmful sequences is unknown.
Figures 4b and 4c depict the parallel flows of events underlying the insertion of new CRISPR spacers and casposons, respectively.
The mechanisms underlying ICE insertion, excision and putative transfer in mycoplasmas have yet to be investigated, but recent studies on ICE elements in Gram-positive bacteria suggest that these events can be under the control of sophisticated regulation systems in response to changing environmental conditions such as stress or population density [ 41].
Only a few studies have examined the medical indications underlying VT insertions.
Furthermore, the separation of the presence or absence of Alu elements from the continuous density measures may be important in the investigation of the mechanism underlying the Alu insertion and retention.
However, without an explicit model for the temporal dynamics of element birth and death rates like that provided here, it is impossible to evaluate the demographic forces underlying discontinuities in insertion age distributions.
In 13 (92.9%) patients without an underlying biliary stricture, PDCS insertion proximal to the bifurcation was possible.
Although the mechanisms underlying the delivery and insertion of GluA1-containing AMPA receptors into the postsynaptic membrane is not fully understood, it is thought to involve the phosphorylation of key amino acid residues on the GluA1 subunit.
Recombination between small regions of nonallelic homology has been proposed to underlie deletion and insertion mutations (Mita et al., 1990; Bacman et al., 2009; Fukui and Moraes, 2009).
Baseline characteristics included age, sex, presence of neutropenia (neutrophil count, <500 cells/µl) at study-entry, underlying malignancy, site of catheter insertion, and number of catheter lumens.
