Excluding this peak, the underlying dengue PM (+26/1,000, p = 0.006) and case numbers (26 in 2000, 169 in 2010) increased significantly, especially among ill travelers returning from Southeast Asia (+71/1,000, p = 0.004) and sub-Saharan Africa (+8/1,000, p = 0.005).
There is a suspicion that ADE is not the only mechanism underlying severe dengue-related complications, and various lines of research have implied a role for T cells and soluble factors such as cytokines and the complement system.
In conclusion, 3-O-sulfated GlcA is a chemical probe that may facilitate exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying manifestations of dengue diseases.
Understanding the DENV evolutionary mechanism underlying the recurring dengue outbreaks has important implications for epidemic prediction and disease control.
The association between age, the presence of underlying disease, and severe dengue virus infection and related death has also been reported from Cuba (29, 30 ).
Finally, although the mechanisms underlying microvascular dysfunction in dengue are almost certainly multifactorial, it is hoped that the recent momentum in clinical intervention trials will eventually lead to improved treatment options for patients with dengue as well as insights into pathogenesis [ 2, 7, 9, 10].
In addition, consideration would need to be given to the potential influence of underlying disease in treatment for severe dengue virus infection.
Moreover, our patient had none of the classic risk factors, although dengue fever as an underlying co-infection has been described (10 ).
Although the mechanisms underlying the endothelial dysfunction seen in severe dengue remain incompletely understood, we hypothesized that the endothelial stabilizing effects of statins could favorably modulate dengue vasculopathy.
Children aged ≥ 6 months and ≤ 18 years of age with suspected dengue virus infection, temperature ≥38.5°C within 24 hours of enrollment and no chronic underlying medical condition were enrolled from the in-patient dengue ward at the Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health.
Most of the published researches in immunology in dengue involved general population rather than a population with specific underlying disease(s) [ 36].
