Exact(4)
For underground use these require diesel engines with scrubbers to eliminate dangerous gases from the exhaust.
While the problem is reduced by using diesel engines with exhaust scrubbers and by selecting only low-fume explosives for underground use, long tunnels involve a major ventilating plant that employs a forced draft through lightweight pipes up to three feet in diameter and with booster fans at intervals.
The trials also identified a number of refinements which could further improve both cycle times and system reliability when considering the technology for underground use.
The Metropolitan Railway's passenger coaches, dating from 1870 and designed for underground use within London, were not fitted with heating until 1895.
Similar(56)
Israel's underground used terror tactics against the British Mandate in Palestine.
After this was outlawed, Siemens shifted its criminal activities underground, using front companies and middlemen to pay "commissions" on contracts.
Drilling for gas has become more common using a technique known as hydraulic fracturing, which breaks up rock deep underground using water and chemicals under high pressure.
Recovering reserves from deeper underground using steam injection, rather than mining, has reduced the footprint of operations and some environmental damage to the forests.
Stanford and Cornell both propose to take advantage of the steady temperature deep underground, using it to cool air in summer and heat it in winter.
Gas and coal power won't disappear soon, but we can put the carbon underground using available technology, which must be required for all new power plants.
Tar sands are a mixture of sand or clay and bitumen, which are either pumped from underground using steam or dug out in strip mines and which need pre-processing or "upgrading" before they can be refined.
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