The GPRD closely monitors data quality and the recording of a wide range of atherosclerotic disease outcomes have undergone validation in GPRD studies, which, for example, have compared the electronic data to paper-based medical records or compared the rate of a condition in the GPRD to an external source.
Even though the MOS-SS has successfully undergone previous validation studies in the general population, it has not been evaluated in patients with overactive bladder (OAB).
‡ PedsQL 4.0 has undergone multiple validation studies in the US.
The Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ-7) 6 scores symptoms of Eustachian tube dysfunction and is the only patient-reported outcomes tool to have undergone initial validation studies.
The CLASI has undergone many validation studies for inter-rater and intra-rater reliability, responsiveness, correlation with QoL, and correlation with disease biomarkers.
As the tool has undergone further validation studies, using clinimetric and psychometric approaches, these items were not be ranked highly and were dropped.
Finally, the classification system, which was originally developed for patients with acute low back pain [ 8], has undergone some validation studies for patients with subacute and chronic LBP [ 14, 15, 18, 20].
The two scales formats have been chosen because they both have undergone specific validation studies in Italian and other languages [ 23, 31, 32] and fulfill the requirement of a sufficient number of levels to ensure scale sensitivity [ 22].
Uniquely for cancer prognostic biomarkers, uPA and PAI-1 have undergone validation in two separate LOE-1 studies; that is, both have been validated in a prospective randomized controlled trial (NCT1317108) and in a pooled analysis of individualized patient characteristics.
PRZM has undergone validation and testing to field-scale runoff and leaching studies [15], [16].
