In discriminating self from non-self, the mammalian immune system relies primarily on B cells, which undergo a step-by-step maturation process to attain immune competence [ 1, 3].
Patients in group B will undergo a step-up practice of optimal medical treatment, if needed followed by endoscopic interventions, and if needed followed by surgery, according to predefined criteria.
Numerical simulations are carried out for a single-channel polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) undergoing a step increase in current density.
The wave propagation velocity undergoes a step change upon crossing the interface between two sorbents, and such a change can be either increasing or decreasing.
The data for the sensible, latent and total effectiveness are compared with transient and steady-state simulations for various values of NTU and operating parameters (Cr∗, inlet temperature and humidity) while the exchanger undergoes a step change in inlet conditions and reaches a new steady-state.
Each pursuit trial began when a fixation spot was presented in the centre of the screen for 1200 1900 ms. The spot then underwent a step displacement of 5° and a smooth ramp motion towards the position of fixation for 600 ms at 20° per second or 1200 ms at 10° per second.
In addition, the defence mechanism of the body undergoes a step-by-step but continuous process known as the wound healing cascade to ensure optimal healing.
In a well test a well undergoes a step-change in its flowrate and the resulting variation in the well pressure is carefully measured.
The semiconductor packaging industry is undergoing a step-change transition from gold to copper wire bonding brought on by a quadrupling of gold cost over the last 8 years.
The delayed appearance of signals c′ and d′ is a clear signature of a sequential step-wise exchange process.[ 7] This kinetic behavior demonstrates that the template undergoes a step-wise rotation within the nanoring, rather than exchanging through dissociation/association.
Therefore, it has been suggested that the segmental set of serotonin-immunoreactive neurons has undergone a step-wise simplification during arthropod evolution and individually identifiable neurons have been proposed as an evolutionary novelty of myriapods and tetraconates (in support of the Mandibulata hypothesis) (e.g. [ 10, 40]).
