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In both of these methods, the number of cells that undergo a mutation during their lifetime (we will refer to these as definitively mutated cells) is estimated.
John Oxford, a professor of virology at Queen Mary, University of London, warned of a potential pandemic should H7N9 undergo a mutation that allows human-to-human transmission.
This property can be formulated as "evolutionary memory" – how well do organisms remember past evolutionary achievements when they undergo a mutation.
The mutation rate is defined as the probability of a cell to undergo a mutation in its lifetime, and is expressed per microsatellite per cell per generation.
k-mer homoplasy may incorrectly inflate the proportion of shared k-mers because (i) multiple copies of the same k-mer at different locations in species A must all experience mutations before this k-mer is no longer shared with species B, and (ii) a k-mer that does undergo a mutation may turn into a k-mer that already exists elsewhere in the genomes of species A or B (see Methods: k-mer homoplasy).
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He asserts that the flower undergoes a mutation when exposed to radiation.
However, about a decade ago scientists noticed that the H1N1 flu had undergone a mutation called H274Y that allows neuraminidase to work even in the presence of Tamiflu.
In (μ + 1 -ES, μ parent individuals are recombined to form one offspring, which also undergoes a mutation.
The autocatalyst undergoes a mutation and the resulting mutant is assumed to compete with the original autocatalyst.
From sequencing the RNA genomes of viruses isolated from patients, researchers knew that chikungunya had undergone a mutation early on in the epidemic.
We show that in some cases, undergoing a mutation is altruistic, i.e., it increases the expected fitness of the population, but decreases the expected fitness of the mutated individual itself.
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