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Analyses that omit expected vehicle safety will overestimate the impacts of policies such as gasoline taxes or changes to fuel economy standards on the fleet, and underestimate the impacts of vehicle crash-compatibility design changes.
Thus, applying stoichiometric solubility products derived for inorganic CaCO3 to model gross dissolution of biogenic carbonates may substantially underestimate the impacts of ocean acidification on net calcification (gross calcification minus gross dissolution) of systems ranging in scale from individual organisms to entire ecosystems (e.g., net ecosystem calcification).
For example, if, as happens in Catalonia [e.g. 22], forest, cold-dwelling bird species tend to have positive trends due to forest expansion and maturation, indexes integrating species trends would tend to underestimate the impacts of climate change.
Hence, the omission of these materials might underestimate the impacts, in particular concerning impact categories such as resource consumption or toxicity.
Single-chemical risk assessments are likely to underestimate the impacts of these insecticides on salmon in river systems where mixtures occur.
The results are likely to underestimate the impacts of these projects, as CIs do not usually know of the use made of their work beyond publication in the literature and events in their own realm of awareness.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com