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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
under these
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "under these" is correct and usable in written English. You can use it when referring to specific conditions or circumstances previously mentioned. Example: "Under these circumstances, we must reconsider our options." Alternative expressions include "in these situations" and "within these parameters."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Academia
Alternative expressions(20)
Under these conditions
in these circumstances
given these conditions
considering this situation
in light of these facts
taking into account these factors
subject to these provisions
within these
within these pages
among these
In these circumstances
in this document
contained herein
in this section
in this chapter
in this volume
in the following pages
in this article
in this text
in the current book
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
Justice cannot be served under these conditions.
News & Media
Under these conditions no permafrost will thaw.
Encyclopedias
But not under these circumstances.
News & Media
She chafed under these restrictions.
News & Media
Under these conditions, i.c.v.
Science
Under these circumstances, isn't Colorado more deserving?
News & Media
What should investors do under these circumstances?
News & Media
"But they can't under these conditions".
News & Media
Who could write under these conditions?
News & Media
Under these circumstances, whites frequently deflate.
News & Media
"Leaving under these circumstances is a shame".
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "under these", ensure the 'these' clearly refers to previously stated conditions or circumstances to maintain clarity and avoid ambiguity.
Common error
Avoid using "under these" without a clear and immediate reference to the conditions being discussed. Ambiguous references can confuse the reader and weaken your argument.
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "under these" functions primarily as an adverbial phrase, modifying a verb or clause to indicate the circumstances or conditions in which an action occurs or a situation exists. As Ludwig AI confirms, it's a standard construction in English.
Frequent in
News & Media
48%
Science
26%
Academia
13%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
3%
Wiki
1%
Formal & Business
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "under these" is a versatile phrase used to set the stage by outlining conditions or circumstances. As a grammatically sound prepositional phrase, it’s frequently found in various contexts, especially in news, science, and academic writing. Ludwig AI confirms its correctness and widespread use. When using this phrase, ensure that the 'these' clearly refers to previously stated conditions to avoid any ambiguity. While alternatives like "in these circumstances" exist, "under these" remains a solid choice for establishing context.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
in these circumstances
Uses a different noun to describe the situation.
given these conditions
Emphasizes the conditions as a starting point or premise.
considering this situation
Focuses on contemplation of the circumstances.
in light of these facts
Highlights the factual basis for the subsequent action or conclusion.
taking into account these factors
Stresses the importance of considering various influences.
on the basis of these terms
Highlights the foundational requirements or stipulations.
with these stipulations in place
Emphasizes the establishment of certain preconditions.
subject to these provisions
Indicates reliance on established rules or laws.
contingent upon these requirements
Highlights the dependency of an outcome on specific prerequisites.
assuming these parameters
Focuses on the acceptance of certain values or limits.
FAQs
How can I use "under these" in a sentence?
You can use "under these" to introduce a consequence, result, or condition based on circumstances you've already described. For example, "The budget cuts were severe. "Under these conditions", the project cannot proceed as planned."
What are some alternatives to the phrase "under these"?
Alternatives include "in these circumstances", "given these conditions", or "considering this situation", depending on the specific context and nuance you want to convey.
Is it more formal to say "under these conditions" or "in these circumstances"?
While both phrases are generally acceptable in formal writing, "under these conditions" might be perceived as slightly more formal, especially in scientific or technical contexts. "In these circumstances" is suitable for a broader range of situations.
When should I avoid using the phrase "under these"?
Avoid using "under these" if the conditions or circumstances are not clearly defined or understood by the reader. It's also best to avoid it in very informal contexts where simpler language might be more appropriate.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested