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To compare changes in T1rho and T2 values of the femoral cartilage in porcine knee joints under staged loading and unloading conditions.
Hence, it is likely that some patients are under staged linked to misdiagnosis of micrometastases [ 7- 9].
However, as discussed under staged regimens, data from open-label and randomized trials suggest that AZA can maintain remission after induction with CYC [ 7].
In another study of 32 patients considered operable following both CT and MRI, 16 patients were under staged (nine had N2, and seven had T4 disease); the authors concluded 'pre-operative staging based on CT/MR looks rather inaccurate'[ 17].
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In this study PET under-staged the extent of nodal disease in 19 (49%), whereas the CT/EUS combination over-staged the nodal stage in 14 (36%).
VAM will under-stage disease less than half as often as will conventional core biopsy.
Mammotomy is significantly less likely to under-stage malignant disease when a B3 result is obtained compared to CB (17.5% versus 64%, respectively).
We found no significant differences in recurrence-free survival according to the number of nodes sampled and therefore no evidence of under-staging.
Because radiologists will tend to over-stage rather than under-stage, relatively high over-staging rates (up to 50%) as compared with primary staging have been reported.
Including erosions only in the assessment of bone destruction in children may therefore lead to both over- and under-staging of disease.
The difference is particularly marked in the under-staging of DCIS.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com