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On the other hand, ferrets might be unable to lateralize 1-kHz ILDs simply through inexperience of using different values of this cue under normal hearing conditions.
Response times in juvenile-plugged animals wearing an earplug were additionally very similar to those obtained from controls under normal hearing conditions (p > 0.05; bootstrap test), suggesting that the adaptive mechanism does not require any additional processing time.
Under normal hearing conditions, the location of a sound in the horizontal plane is determined primarily by interaural level differences (ILDs) and interaural time differences (ITDs) [ 11, 12], both of which are disrupted by hearing loss in one ear.
Although previous work has emphasized the importance of spectral cues for vertical localization [ 19 21], these cues are thought to make a negligible contribution to localization in the horizontal plane under normal hearing conditions [ 11, 35], other than for distinguishing between sources located in front of and behind the listener [ 13, 36].
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To obtain a baseline measure of sensitivity, we first computed a separate RCM for each of the normally reared controls under conditions of normal hearing.
This is because A1 neurons in juvenile-plugged animals had higher weighting index values than those in controls whenever a virtual earplug was present (p < 0.05; post hoc test), but this difference disappeared under conditions of normal hearing.
All participants were given a hearing test and had normal hearing (at or under 25 dB at each of 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 Hz).
Under optimal listening conditions, listeners with normal hearing will rather easily obtain information transfer scores which are close to 100%; that is, they hardly make any errors when repeating the short CVC words that are presented to them.
Under normal conditions, hearing loss that is restricted to a small portion can be compensated by off-frequency listening.
Twelve normal hearing, experienced sign language users were recorded under SC and speech alone (SA) conditions speaking a set of sentences containing monosyllabic words designed for measurement of second formant frequencies in consonant vowel consonant (CVC) syllables.
Four normal hearing, experienced sign language users were recorded under SC and speech alone (SA) conditions speaking Boothroyd's forced-choice phonetic contrast material designed for measurement of speech intelligibility.
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