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These joints are the crucial zones that are designed under damage tolerance procedures in the civil aircraft industry.
Invariance properties of the system infinite zero structure and control gain matrix of the linearized discrete-time system under damage are studied for an aircraft flight control application.
The behavior of statically indeterminate structural systems under damage is nonlinear because the load paths intertwine each other, even if each component behaves linearly.
The results showed that, when the number of fatigue cycles and the number of freeze-thaw cycles remained constant, just with different sequence, the values of Kc under damage Mode F-FT were obviously higher than that under damage Mode FT-F at the same strain rate.
To address this problem, the authors describe a distributed system model and corresponding vulnerability analyses to consider how vessel layout and distributed system configuration impact vessel performance under damage with limited information.
The extent of connexin loss was greater under damage conditions suggesting a voltage dose-response.
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However, under damage-avoiding oviposition, increased fecundity reduced the time to evolve resistance over a range of parameter values.
Spray thresholds were only important with large refugia under damage-avoiding oviposition; under those conditions higher spray thresholds (>0.6 egg masses per plant) tended to delay resistance [see Additional file 5: Figure S4].
Large, unsprayed conventional refugia with control of pests by natural enemies could provide good resistance management under damage-avoiding oviposition, if we assumed there was also some density-dependent mortality in the Bt portion of the crop.
Modeling of the evolution of resistance to Bt under damage-avoiding oviposition has previously assumed that adults will prefer to lay eggs on conventional rather than Bt crops [ 28], perhaps because Bt and its toxins have been shown to deter larval feeding [ 29, 30].
In other recent wars, civilian fatalities could be euphemistically filed under "collateral damage", since keeping ordinary folk alive was not the official purpose of the conflict.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com