But even if it wins, UNCLOS cannot adjudicate on sovereignty over islands, rocks or shoals.
China couches many of its statements by reference to the islands, islets and rocks over which it claims sovereignty, and their associated waters, as if it were following UNCLOS.
Almost every country has ratified the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which, in the words of Tommy Koh, president of UNCLOS in the 1980s, is "a constitution for the oceans".
The joint review found that a lack of training in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) may have contributed to the breaches.
Of course, few Indonesian fishermen receive training on the UNCLOS, with many not being able to attend schooling past a primary school level.
But only 80 countries have ratified it, compared with the 165 parties to UNCLOS.
Even America, which refuses to sign it, abides by its provisions.But UNCLOS has significant faults.
But for the most part UNCLOS relies on member countries and existing organisations for monitoring and enforcement.
These are mainly tiny, uninhabitable rocks and islets which, under UNCLOS, would be entitled to "territorial waters" of just 12 nautical miles (22km).
Under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), "the land dominates the sea".
But in the south Malaysia, the Philippines and Brunei also have partial claims.Some of these arguments might in theory be solvable under the 1982 United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).
