Exact(11)
The single-heating method quantifies the apparent emissivity with type B measurement uncertainty ranging within [0.7 4.2%].
The low uncertainty ranging from 0.3% to 0.8% in the determination of hcpf confirms the accuracy of experimental data obtained for various dryer designs operated under different conditions.
Several options are discussed for propagating uncertainty, ranging from flexible but expensive Monte Carlo simulation to closed form solutions requiring specific functional forms for relationships between variables to be assumed.
The indirect method quantifies the apparent emissivity with type B measurement uncertainty ranging within [0.1 1.2%] and reproduces the measurements with deviation ranging within [0.1 4%] which is comparable to uncertainty of apparent emissivity measurements.
The system is the high vacuum primary standard in the pressure range from 1 × 10−6 Pa to 9 × 10−2 Pa with relative standard uncertainty ranging from 2.1% at 1 × 10−6 Pa down to 0.4% at 9 × 10−2 Pa.
The ability to manage risk is an indispensable part of human and machine intelligence when performing complex tasks under high uncertainty, ranging from military operations to space exploration.
Similar(49)
Uncertainty ranges in principal components of model projections.
The uncertainty ranges for each rate parameter are discussed.
Results show that DEM uncertainty generally ranged between 0.025 and 0.060 m, slope uncertainty ranged between 0.6 and 1.5°, and aspect uncertainty ranged between 2.7 and 24.1° for the given case study site.
All the values lied within the uncertainty ranges, validating the test results.
The projected global average ESL100 and associated uncertainty ranges progressively increase with time and greenhouse gas forcing (Fig. 2, Supplementary Fig. 2d, Supplementary Figs. 3 5).
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