This paper describes extension of the method to enable the prediction of the ultimate cross-section resistance of I-sections and box sections under combined loading.
The structural behaviour in terms of load-deflection curves, plasticisation of the cross section, ultimate capacities and failure modes of these beams is compared to the corresponding behaviour of simple beams, which are often considered as a basis for developing simplified models for design purposes.
General behaviors of these specimens were reported, and the influences of flexural reinforcing ratio (or steel content), volume fraction of the fibers in ULCC, and depth of cross section on ultimate strength behaviors were studied and analyzed.
The reliability assessment is performed considering as possible failure modes the ultimate collapse of the midship cross section in vertical bending or its local failure due to yielding of the material or buckling collapse of one of its structural elements.
This behavior can be attributed to the small value of maximum prestressing force P in comparison to the ultimate compression strength (N_u) of the beam cross section ((P/N_u=0.04)).
Open image in new window Fig. 7 Schematic cross section and column (member) ultimate axial load-bending moment interaction diagrams for an isolated column.
To achieve this, first-order reliability analysis is carried out with respect to ultimate collapse bending moment of the midship cross section of a new generation oil tanker and of a conventional "rule" designed oil tanker.
The damaged specimens also allow us to determine the influence of a local reduction of the cross section on the stiffness and ultimate load of the specimen.
Note that the ratio of the ultimate moment to yield moment for the beam cross section, shown in Fig. 6b, was computed from the ACI Code (without ϕ factors) as 1.12.
The stress and strain distributions at the ultimate limit state for the design of a cross section by the SCM are also shown in Table 2 (European Committee for Standardization 2004b; Japan Society of Civil Engineers 2007).
Most of these skills are basic but mainly involve math skills while trying to calculating the following: Where: σ = Compressive Strength (psi) P = Ultimate Load (lb) A = Area of the cross section of the specimen.
