In the atmosphere above 350 hPa, PV rapidly increases with altitude, reaching typical values from 1.0 PVU (Danielsen 1968) to 3.5 PVU (Hoerling et al. 1991).
The height coverage is good, with typical values from 60 to 98 km during the day and 80 to 98 km during the night (see Figs. 13 and 14).
For a given observation interval, the PU received power at sensor i is given by P 휖, i = P 0 d i - β 1 0 X σ / 10, where P0 is the power at a reference distance from the PU, β is the signal decay exponent with typical values from 2 to 5, d i is the Euclidean distance between the PU and sensor i, and X σ is the value of the log-normal shadowing.
Since exact values for the state transition propensities are not available, we used typical values from Kaern et al. (2005 [33], which were then uniformly scaled to calibrate with the expected time scales.
Segre's group chose uptake kinetic parameters, as well as diffusion coefficients, to be equal for all substrates and based on typical values from the literature.
Individual model parameters (post hoc estimates) for each rat from this analysis and typical values from this model (Table 1) were then used as input for the subsequent analysis of DOPAC and HVA.
For the GeneXpert, we focused on publications of studies in settings with HIV prevalence ≥ 30%, a typical value for TB patients from sub-Saharan Africa, where the GeneXpert is expected to be of much benefit due to the high levels of HIV-associated TB [ 9].
A typical value for is 0.7.
Equation 3 provides a means to distinguish the parameter value for the ith animal from the typical value predicted from the regression model.
The molar mass dispersity ranged from 1.4 to 2.5, in accordance with the typical values for products from ROMP with extensive cross-metathesis.
