Typical karyotype of SCC was demonstrated in Figure 3.
Up to now, all cross-species chromosome painting studies in birds have involved either two species with typical avian karyotypes, or one species with a typical and the other with an atypical karyotype.
In addition, species in Cathartidae (the New World vultures) have typical avian karyotypes, and showed a high degree of conservation in chromosomal synteny with GGA, thus differing from other species in Accipitriformes and species in Falconiformes, including those studied here.
The U87 glioma line (similar to some brain tumor stem cell lines exhibiting typical neoplastic karyotype: Figure S4) was used as a positive control for malignant tumor formation.
This fish has a typical teleost karyotype of 50 chromosomes (i.e., n = 25).
It has been suggested that the common ancestor of the salmonids had a typical teleost karyotype comprising 24-25 pairs of acrocentric chromosomes [ 24].
Salmonid fishes underwent a period of extensive speciation after the whole-genome duplication of their common ancestor, which probably had a typical teleost karyotype comprising 25 pairs of acrocentric chromosomes (Mank and Avise 2006).
Burt [ 49] suggested that a higher recombination rate is another constraint that has resulted in the properties we most associate with microchromosomes (e.g., high GC-content, low repeats, high gene-density) and led to the maintenance of the typical avian karyotype with both macro- and microchromosomes and few rearrangements between them.
Previous karyotypic comparisons have suggested that such atypical karyotypes of accipitrids could have evolved from a typical bird karyotype by a series of fissions of macrochromosomes and translocations of some macrochromosome segments onto the microchromosomes and small acrocentrics [ 3].
In addition, one active NOR seems to be a typical feature of karyotypes with the ancestral chromosome number in Tettigoniinae [ 41].
Taking advantage of a set of powerful satellite repeat markers, we found clear SatS3, SatS4 and SatS5 signal pairs on metaphase chromosomes in the C. lacryma-jobi karyotype, which represent the typical feature of diploid karyotypes.
