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SaMARE is a stochastic single tree-based model that was designed for these types of stands.
The main objectives of the present work were to study the mode of regeneration and forest dynamics of Q. pyrenaica in several types of stands: young forests, mature and previously perturbed forests, and abandoned Pinus reforestations.
The effects of local logging intensity were analysed by comparing three types of stands: (i) near-natural, (ii) selectively logged (in the early 20th century) and (iii) managed stands.
In both types of stands, the number of lichen species and the percent ground cover of lichens and bryophytes increased with stand age; the corresponding values for vascular plant species did not.
We also found: (i) plantation estates and smallholdings supported similar bird assemblages but the latter supported significantly more species (P = 0.007); and (ii) despite reduced species richness in oil palm landscapes, we found high abundance of some individual bird species in specific types of stands including some forest, migratory, and wetland species.
The pattern of CV variation was consistent in both types of stands (accurate tree location and harvester data) for all three variables.
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This chapter reports the result of short-term tests on three types of stand-alone systems.
Certain types of stand-up comedy and other unexportable entertainments aside, art is today widely presumed to be universal.
Our objective was to determine, in a forest dominated by insect disturbances, the different types of stand structures present across the landscape, the size structure of these stands, and the relative importance of the different stages of stand development.
Transcription of the regulatory factor, Mga, is known to be positively regulated by itself [22] and by the carbon catabolite repression protein, CcpA (43), and negatively regulated by two other types of stand-alone transcription factors, RALPs (i.e. RofA and Nra) [44] and Rgg/RopB [44], [45].
This review mainly addresses more or less even-aged mixed stands, because basic information about mixing effects is currently only available for these stands and these are precisely the type of stands that are expanding in many countries that have turned away from monoculture forestry.
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