In contrast, other algae have more complex plastids, called secondary plastids, which originated from the ingestion of primary plastid-bearing algae such as green and red algae (Archibald 2009; Keeling 2010).
Lobatus gigas is a specialized herbivore, as is the case in other Strombidae, that feeds on macroalgae (including red algae, such as species of Gracilaria and Hypnea), seagrass and unicellular algae, intermittently also feeding on algal detritus.
Hurricane Charley passed within 150 km of our field site two weeks before biomass data were gathered so some poorly attached algae such as mats of tall filamentous algae were dislodged via wave action from the hurricane.
Green algae, such as Chlamydomonas, give us another example of the versatility of sensory mechanisms in microbial rhodopsins.
Thus, they differ strongly from those of the algae sensu stricto (in particular, green algae such as Chlamydomonas) and vascular plants such as Arabidopsis, which contain simple plastids bounded by two membranes).
The activity of this enzyme was also detected in green algae such as Asterococcus superbus and Chlamydomonas reinhardii.
Ephemeral algae such as Ulva, Enteromorpha, and coralline algae cover a broad range of the intertidal.
Finally, cell surfaces consisting of a basal fibrous layer and an upper scaly layer is common to katablepharids [90] and scaly green algae such as the "basal" streptophyte green alga Mesostigma [93] and the prasinophyte Tetraselmis [94].
Many photosynthetic organisms such as red algae, Cyanobacteria, many green algae such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have no stacked thylakoids.
Finally, the model presented can also be applied to (i) other types of microorganisms such as unicellular green algae or photosynthetic bacteria, (ii) different photobioreactor processes such as food product or pharmaceutical production, or (iii) photochemical reactors.
