Sentence examples for type of mutualism from inspiring English sources

This type of mutualism is very rare.

Reciprocal cross-feeding among microbes represents a type of mutualism [16].

These networks provide a valuable overview of one type of mutualism occurring within a community and several apparently general patterns in the structure of mutualistic networks have been found [8], [9].

For instance, it is impossible to say for certain that the bacteria form stable, obligate, intracellular relationships in each host genus - i.e., that the type of mutualism well-characterized in Camponotus also occurs in Opisthopsis, Calomyrmex, and Echinopla.

These two types of mutualisms have been studied for decades, but separately, and it has not been until recently that they have been documented to influence each other.

Therefore, these two types of mutualisms are crucial to understand the spatial structure and demographic processes of populations and communities (Bond 1994).

Instead, we review studies that have linked both types of mutualisms in the context of community ecology and predict how these below aboveground linkages between mutualisms could affect plant invasions.

On the contrary, nothing is known about the extent to which interactions between the two types of mutualisms influence the population density of the invasive plant and the progress of invasion.

It is not our intention here either to analyse how different types of mutualisms enhance invasions or the impact of invaders on particular interactions, as these have been explored in recent reviews (e.g. Pringle et al. 2009 b ; Kiers et al. 2010; Hale and Kalisz 2012; Nuñez and Dickie 2014; Traveset and Richardson 2014).

Both types of belowground mutualisms are crucial for the uptake of nutrients and water by plants, and, as such, can play an important role in determining the structure and dynamic of terrestrial ecosystems (e.g. Wall and Moore 1999; van der Heijden 2002; van der Heijden et al. 2006; Klironomos et al. 2011).

The control of the host genetic background on the expression of mutualism changed with the type and level of environmental stress, becoming important only in the response to some doses of herbicide.