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The first type of governance structure, participant-governed network structure, has no separate management entity; and each of the organizations in the network is responsible for decision-making and managing the network.
This type of governance structure refers to the fact that the central government has primary authority in managing the selection, appointment, dismissal, and evaluation of government officials, and administrative authority is therefore allocated to the local government so that they can directly govern enterprises and citizens.
In this type of governance mechanism, different social actors at different territorial levels such as the government (federal, regional and city governments), non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and international financial institutions share power and responsibility, which can prevent and solve conflicts (Benz 2010).
This new type of governance has a name: algorithmic regulation.
The result, Mr. Fields said, could be a very different type of governance.
Tudge calls for a new type of governance, one that takes account of the "realities of soil, water and climate" and the needs of humanity at large.
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There are three generic types of governance structure, namely the participant-governed network, the lead organization form, and the network-administrative organization [ 12].
Our second assumption is that, although networks can be governed by means of different types of governance mechanisms, the governance structure is associated with a particular governance mechanism that will be more suited in a certain governance structure.
Although superficially benchmarks appear uncontroversial, they can create at least three types of governance problems.
Using the notion of policy assemblage, I outline a framework through which the different types of governance processes can be reconciled.
The purpose of the article is to show how all these types of governance processes combine to drive urban low-carbon energy transitions.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com