Based on the SNP sites, four pairs of modified specific primers were designed respectively for authentication of Hippocampus kuda, Hippocampus japonicus, Hippocampus trimaculatus and Hippocampus kelloggi using allele-specific PCR.
As in various lobopodians, the onychophoran "head" is not clearly delineated from the trunk, but shows three pairs of modified appendages: sensory antennae, jaws situated within the mouth cavity, and slime papillae, which are used for defence and capturing prey organisms.
Some members of the Flabellifera can swim to a limited extent and have their front three pairs of pleopods modified for this purpose, with their respiratory structures limited to the hind pleopods.
The Thoracica (Cirripedia) is highly specialized in having their six pairs of thoracopods modified into a basket of cirri used in suspension feeding [ 10].
One peculiar type of mouthpart, possessed by more than 50,000 insect species, is the piercing-sucking type in which the labium forms a trough containing two pairs of threadlike stylets (highly modified mandibles and maxillae).
The first two pairs of pereopods are highly modified raptorial grasping appendages known as gnathopods.
We took advantage of the very recently developed "unit assembly" strategy to assemble two pairs of specific TALENs designed to modify the yellow gene (on the sex chromosome) and a novel autosomal gene.
Beetles can usually be recognized by their two pairs of wings; the front pair is modified into horny covers (elytra) that hide the rear pair and most of the abdomen and usually meet down the back in a straight line.
Differences between the sounds produced by these two former conspecific subspecies and the fact that the outer two pairs of rectrices in Wilson's snipe are modified, while only the single outermost pair are modified in common snipe were among the characteristics used to justify their splitting into two distinct and separate species.
The 4α-CuIITAPc SAM modified GCE shows two pairs of redox waves at 0.16 V and 0.23 V, corresponding to CuII/CuI and Pc−1/Pc−2, respectively.
