In summary, two manure compost formulations (CC2 and CC4) encouraged cocoa seedlings dry matter production.
By applying these regression models, we estimated that the two manure-amended treatments accumulated a negative global warming potential (ranging from − 1.9 to − 12.9 t CO2-equivalent ha− 1) over the past 25 years.
Another reason could be the incubation period which was not identical for the two manure types: maximum and half-maximum incubation time for pig manure was 27 and 53 days, respectively, while for cattle manure, it was 45 and 90 days, respectively.
The EC of the three manures applied were very strongly saline (LAS 2014).
Meanwhile, addition of cattle, goat and poultry manures to supply NH4 + N and NO3 − N to the soil with regard to sowing dates is recommended to be 2 WAI as this would allow equilibration of the manures with the soil prior to planting, while incorporation of these three manures for crop needs is recommended to be 8 WAI.
Incubation experiments were conducted to examine Cr VI) reduction in different soils (Soil 1: pH 7.5 and Soil 2: pH 5.5) with three manures from poultry (PM), cow (CM) and sheep (SM), three respective manure-derived biochars (PM biochar (PM-BC), CM biochar (CM-BC) and SM biochar (SM-BC)) and two modified biochars (modified PM-BC (PM-BC-M) and modified SM-BC (SM-BC-M)).
Across weeks after incorporation of the three manures, application rates of 20 t ha−1 for cattle, 40 t ha−1 for goat and poultry manure at the rate of 10 t ha−1 were not widely significantly different when compared to higher rates.
Two temperatures and three manure-to-food waste ratios were investigated by a completely randomized design.
Methane emission rates of all four manure treatments were low in the first week and then increased sharply until reaching the peak values.
FDMW was collected from three manure storage lagoons located in three different dairy farms in Merced, Glenn, and Tulare Counties of California, USA.
