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We were motivated by two broad characteristics of microarray data: (i) existence of outliers owing to various systematic errors that are not correctable using standard statistical tests; (ii) a saturation effect observed in the measurements, caused by a saturation of the fluorescence signal resulting from the specifics of hybridization and imaging techniques used in microarray technology.
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After amidation (Figure 1d), the bands corresponding to the terminal succinimidyl ester group disappear and two broad characteristic bands are observed at 1,650 and 1,550 cm- 1, commonly labelled amide I (νC=O) and amide II (δNH) [1, 23].
In comparison to the Fe3O4 microspheres, two new broad characteristic bands around 1355 and 1577 cm–1 are present in the Raman spectrum of Fe3O4@PDA microspheres, which are attributed to the deformation of the catechol group in the PDA shell.
The model estimation incorporates the influence of a comprehensive set of exogenous variables grouped into six broad categories: crash characteristics, driver characteristics, vehicle characteristics, roadway design attributes, environmental factors and situational factors.
The JD-R model is an occupational stress model that posits two broad categories of work characteristics: job demands and job resources [ 18, 19].
The 1H-NMR spectrum showed characteristic two broad singlets for the 2N H protons at δ 13.19 and 11.15 ppm.
Fluorescence of the cured resin appears dominated by two broad bands that are characteristic of the hardener and exhibits a blue shift by up to 30 nm in the course of curing which could be used for cure monitoring purpose of the investigated system.
Mice humanised by allogeneic CD34+ umbilical cord cells or supported by allogeneic CD14+ monocytes as T-cell allo-stimuli (Bagnara et al., 2011) were injected with 15 CLL peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) representing two broad biological CLL types characteristic of indolent and progressive stages of disease (Table S1).
These can be organized into three broad categories: characteristic features of eukaryotes that are explained parsimoniously by the model; unusual features of eukaryotic cells that are explained by the inside-out model but otherwise seem enigmatic; and direct phylogenetic evidence supporting the inside-out model over outside-in alternatives.
The first included 139 articles and was based on a structural framework which distinguished two broad groups of determinants: patient characteristics including beliefs, expectations, health status and values; and, health services delivery including human resources, organization of care and the physical care environment.
In this section we will begin by briefly describing some broad characteristics of the two study sites as context, with particular attention to their approach to new technologies and technological change.
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